The Ultimate Guide to Successful Debt Collection Techniques

by Laura Burrows 5 min read September 7, 2023

Consumer debt topped $17 trillion in the first quarter of 2023 — an increase of almost $3 trillion compared to 2019— with challenging inflation levels, increases in consumer demand and low unemployment levels leading consumers to spend.2

A significant portion of mortgages, auto loans and leases, credit card debt and student loans aren’t paid on time. Recent data reveals that 2.6 percent of accounts in the U.S. are delinquent1, with 175 million consumer credit reports showing past-due accounts.More debt means more pressure on collection agencies, requiring effective strategies to collect on delinquent accounts. Implementing effective debt collection strategies is especially crucial in the face of challenges like staff shortages, regulatory pressures and the declining success of outbound calling.4

The approach to successful debt collection has changed. Debt collectors and agencies that implement these debt collection techniques and debt recovery tools can improve their performance and bottom line.

Debt collection techniques that work

Leverage data

Outdated approaches to collections ignore consumer contact preferences. Research shows that credit card customers with overdue balances prefer to be contacted via email or text (SMS) over phone calls. Among those with low credit scores and balances under $1,000, 56% preferred emails compared to 18% who preferred to be contacted about their delinquent debt over the phone.Data analytics allow you to segment customers based on the amount owed, payment histories, credit scores and past behaviors. This information makes it easier to target those most likely to repay their debt and offer personalized, pre-approved debt solutions.

Customers with delinquent debt who preferred digital contact over traditional channels, like phone and mail, were up to 30% more likely to make a payment when debt collectors made contact through a digital channel.

By leveraging data and analytics, you can create a contact management strategy that increases efficency and profitability.

Embrace automation

Using digital tools can help streamline the debt collection process. Automation, data, analytics and artificial intelligence (AI) make it easier to create customer profiles and enhance account prioritization.4 Incorporating self-service debt collection options is also essential. Customers want to learn about their options, set up their payment terms and repayment schedules and address their debt at a convenient time via their preferred platform.

Digital approaches can be helpful when recovering payments on accounts that are more than 30 days overdue. Research shows that 73% of customers contacted via digital channels for overdue accounts made at least a partial payment compared with just 50% who were contacted via traditional channels.6 Overall, digital-first approaches have been linked to a 25% increase in the resolution of accounts that are more than 30 days past due, a 15% reduction in collections cost and customer engagement levels that are five times higher than traditional collections methods.7

Investments in automation and other digital tools are necessary to replace outdated methods of debt collection that don’t put customers first or place an extra burden on staff.

Prioritize the customer experience

Leveraging data for customer segmentation is not the only way debt collectors can increase recovery rates. Delivering personalized debt solutions that are proactive, fair and customer-focused is also essential to achieving higher recovery returns.5 Predictive analytics provide insight into customer behavior, making it easier to identify those who need additional support and allowing debt collectors to be responsive to their needs.Collections used to be a linear process, but with customer migration to digital — with 64% of consumers using more than four devices per day — collectors need to rethink their approach.8

Consumers expect convenient interactions and relevant communications. Debt collectors that prioritize omnichannel communications can make debt repayment more convenient, resulting in improved customer retention. 

Remain compliant

Digital tools have made it easier for debt collectors to connect with consumers, but legal compliance is still essential. In 2021, the Consumer Finance Protection Bureau (CFPB) passed Regulation F  (Reg F) to govern electronic communications for debt collections.

The regulations state that electronic communication, including email, text messages and social media, are allowed with direct consent from the consumer; limits on call frequencies do not apply to electronic communications but contacting consumers at inconvenient times and general harassment are still prohibited. Opt-out notices that are clear and prominent are required in all electronic communications.9 Predictive analytics and process automation can also play a role in minimizing regulatory risk by reducing gaps in the contact strategy and helping debt collectors avoid fines.

Debt collectors face significant challenges in recovering delinquent debt. A digital-first strategy that prioritizes the customer experience while remaining compliant is essential. 

Why partner with Experian

Increased automation, self-service processes and individualized approaches allow you to focus on accounts with the greatest recovery potential while minimizing charge-offs and ensuring compliance. Implementing an efficient and effective collections prioritization strategy can require a lot of work, but you don’t have to go at it alone. Experian offers various debt collection solutions that can help optimize processes and free up your organization’s resources and agents’ time.

1Federal Reserve Bank of New York. “Quarterly Report on Household Debt and Credit.” 
2Experian. “Average Consumer Debt Levels Increase in 2022.”Published February 24, 2023. Accessed July 31, 2023.
3Consumer Financial Protection Bureau. “Market Snapshot: An Update on Third-Party Debt Collections Tradelines Reporting.” Published February 2023. Accessed July 31, 2023.
4McKinsey & Company. “Going digital in collections to improve resilience against credit losses.” Published April 29, 2019. Accessed July 31, 2023.
5EY. “Five ways banks can transform their collections processes.” Published November 19, 2020. Accessed July 31, 2023.
6McKinsey & Company. “The customer mandate to digitize collections strategies.” Published July 29, 2019. Accessed July 31, 2023.
7McKinsey & Company. “Holistic customer assistance through digital-first collection.” Published May 21, 2021. Accessed July 31, 2023.
8Consumer Finance Protection Bureau. “1006.6 Communications in connection with debt collection.” Published November 30, 2021. Accessed July 31, 2023

Related Posts

How Caliber Financial Uses Data to Drive Better Decisions

Learn how Caliber Financial uses Experian data to improve lead targeting, underwriting and AI-driven decisioning for better outcomes.

Published: July 14, 2026 by Scarlet Nickel
What Is Agentic Commerce? Why Trust Will Define the Next Era of AI-Powered Shopping

Learn what agentic commerce is, why AI agents are transforming digital commerce and how Agent Trust builds trusted AI interactions.

Published: July 14, 2026 by Laura Burrows
Ask the Expert: A closer look at financial inclusion with Corliss Hill and Dr. Vaneesha Dutra

Consumer visibility is changing Roughly 45 million Americans, or 1 in 5 consumers, are considered credit invisible or unscoreable.[1] They’re working, paying bills and participating in the economy, yet many are not fully visible during the lending process. That creates both a visibility challenge and a growth opportunity for lenders. In this Ask the Expert session, Corliss Hill, Senior Director, Inclusion and Belonging at Experian, joins Dr. Vaneesha Dutra, Endowed Professor of Finance at Morehouse College, to discuss how evolving consumer behaviors are reshaping conversations around financial inclusion and lending decisions. For lenders, visibility matters because confident decisions depend on reliable context and insight. Broader consumer signals can help institutions better understand repayment behaviors, financial stability and consumer capacity. “The benefit of banks using alternative data is that they capture a very significant and new consumer base. That's 20% of the population, 45 million Americans.”Dr. Vaneesha Dutra, Endowed Professor of Finance A more complete understanding of today’s consumers Today’s consumers often manage obligations across a wide range of payment types and financial channels, creating additional signals through cash flow activity, recurring payments and consumer-permissioned financial data. Rent, utilities, subscriptions and mobile phone payments can all provide meaningful insight into how consumers manage their financial lives. What’s changing isn’t the need for risk assessment. It’s the amount of consumer behavior lenders can now evaluate. For example, a consumer experiencing temporary financial disruption may fall behind on certain obligations while continuing to consistently pay rent, utilities and phone bills. Those recurring payment behaviors can provide important context into financial priorities and stability. “These are consumers that pay rent on time every month, pay utilities every month on time and meet many other financial obligations in a timely manner.”Dr. Vaneesha Dutra, Endowed Professor of Finance From visibility to more-informed decisioning Broader consumer insights may help lenders move from limited visibility to more informed decisioning. The conversation shifts when lenders move from asking: “Should we take a risk on this consumer?” to: “Do we have enough information to fully understand this consumer?” That broader context can help institutions: Strengthen risk assessment. Identify financially active consumers with strong repayment behaviors. Support more informed lending strategies. Alternative data isn’t about replacing established credit approaches. It’s about helping lenders build on trusted credit foundations with additional context and insight. Responsible lending starts with better context For lenders, the path forward is practical and actionable. As lenders evaluate broader consumer behaviors, three priorities become increasingly important: Modernize data strategies Incorporate broader consumer signals alongside existing credit data to create a more holistic view of repayment behavior and financial stability. Engage consumers earlier Earlier intervention may help lenders better support consumers before financial challenges become more severe. Create pathways to financial access Smaller lending opportunities can help consumers establish stronger financial profiles and demonstrate positive repayment behaviors over time. The institutions that lead will be the ones that can combine strong risk practices with a broader understanding of consumer behavior. Whitepaper: Bridging the credit divide: income, risk and inclusion in consumer finance Building on the themes discussed in this Ask the Expert session, Dr. Dutra explores how demographic shifts, evolving borrower behaviors and broader consumer visibility are reshaping lending strategies and what they mean for lenders seeking to balance growth, risk management and financial inclusion. Download whitepaper Explore alternative data with Experian Experian can help lenders combine broader consumer insights with trusted credit data to strengthen decisioning, improve risk assessment and support more-informed lending strategies. With solutions spanning identity, cash flow and advanced analytics, lenders can gain a more complete view of consumer behavior and expand access to credit with greater confidence. Learn more Watch episode 1 About our experts Corliss Hill Senior Director, Belonging Business Partner, Experian Corliss Hill is a collaborative leader well-versed in working with executive stakeholders, crossfunctional teams, external partners and community organizations to design and deliver initiatives and programs that create sustainable impact. With over 25 years of extensive experience in multicultural marketing, communications, PR and inclusion and belonging initiatives, she is dedicated to advancing equitable access to financial. Her mission is to drive impactful marketing initiatives that foster meaningful change and address systemic barriers to inclusion and the communities they serve.Hill has been a part of the Experian family since 2021, and resides in Atlanta with her daughter who is a rising 11-year-old entrepreneur. Vaneesha Dutra, Ph.D. Endowed Professor of Finance and Associate Dean, Morehouse College Vaneesha Dutra, Ph.D., serves as Associate Dean in the Division of Business and Economics. With more than 20 years of experience spanning higher education, banking and real estate, Dr. Dutra’s work focuses on the racial and gender wealth gap, financial literacy and financial decision-making. She is an active researcher and consultant whose work has earned numerous grants and fellowships, including serving as the inaugural Tracy A. Pruitt Visiting Research Faculty Fellow at the Wharton School of Business. Dr. Dutra has also been named a Research Faculty Fellow for both the Center for Black Entrepreneurship and the PNC Bank Center for Entrepreneurship. [1] Consumer Financial Protection Bureau, Expanding access to credit.

Published: July 13, 2026 by Julie.JLee@experian.com