Synthetic identities come from accounts held not by actual individuals, but by fabricated identities created to perpetrate fraud. It often starts with stealing a child’s Social Security number (SSN) and then blending fictitious and factual data, such as a name, a mailing address and a telephone number. What’s interesting is the increase in consumer awareness about synthetic identities. Previously, synthetic identity was a lender concern, often showing itself in delinquent accounts since the individual was fabricated. Consumers are becoming aware of synthetic ID fraud because of who the victims are — children. Based on findings from a recent Experian survey, the average age of child victims is only 12 years old. Children are attractive victims since fraud that uses their personal identifying information can go for years before being detected. I recently was interviewed by Forbes about the increase of synthetic identities being used to open auto loans and how your child’s SSN could be used to get a phony auto loan. The article provides a good overview of this growing concern for parents and lenders. A recent Javelin study found that more than 1 million children were victims of fraud. Most upsetting is that children are often betrayed by people close to them -- while only 7 percent of adults are victimized by someone they know, 60 percent of victims under 18 know the fraudster. Unfortunately, when families are in a tight spot financially they often resort to using their child’s SSN to create a clean credit record. Fraud is an issue we all must deal with — lenders, consumers and even minors — and the best course of action is to protect ourselves and our organizations.

There are four reasons why the auto industry should be enthusiastic about the electric vehicle segment’s future.

Picking up where we left off, online fintech lenders face the same challenges as other financial institutions; however, they continue to push the speed of evolution and are early adopters across the board. Here’s a continuation of my conversation with Gavin Harding, Senior Business Consultant at Experian. (Be sure to read part 1.) Part two of a two-part series: As with many new innovations, fintechs are early adopters of alternative data. How are these firms using alt data and what are the results that are being achieved? In a competitive market, alternative data can be the key to helping fintechs lend deeper and better reach underserved consumers. By augmenting traditional credit data, a lender has access to greater insights on how a thin-file consumer will perform over time, and can then make a credit decision based on the identified risk. This is an important point. While alternative data often helps lenders expand their universe, it can also provide quantitative risk measures that traditional data doesn’t necessarily provide. For example, alternative data can recognize that a consumer who changes residences more than once every two years presents a higher credit risk. Another way fintechs are using alternative data is to screen for fraud. Fraudsters are digitally savvy and are using technology to initiate fraud attacks on a broader array of lenders, in bigger volumes than ever before. If I am a consumer who wants to get a loan through an online fintech lender, the first thing the lender wants to know is that I am who I say I am. The lender will ask me a series of questions and use traditional data to validate. Alternative data takes authentication a step further and allows lenders to not only identify what device I am using to complete the application, but whether the device is connected to my personal account records – giving them greater confidence in validating my identity. A second example of using alternative data to screen for fraud has to do with the way an application is actually completed. Most individuals who complete an online application will do so in a logical, sequential order. Fraudsters fall outside of these norms – and identifying these patterns can help lenders increase fraud detection. Lastly, alternative data can help fintech lenders with servicing and collections by way of utilizing behavioral analytics. If a consumer has a history of making payments on time, a lender may be apt to approve more credit, at better terms. As the consumer begins to pay back the credit advance, the lender can see the internal re-payment history and recommend incremental line increases. From your perspective, what is the future of data and what should fintechs consider as they evolve their products? The most sophisticated, most successful “think tanks” have two things that are evolving rapidly together: Data: Fintechs want all possible data, from a quality source, as close to real-time as possible. The industry has moved from “data sets” to “data lakes” to “data oceans,” and now to “data universes.” Analytics: Fintechs are creating ever-more sophisticated analytics and are incorporating machine learning and artificial intelligence into their strategies. Fintechs will continue to look for data assets that will help them reach the consumer. And to the degree that there is a return on the data investment, they will continue to capitalize on innovative solutions – such as alternative data.   In the competitive financial marketplace, insight is everything. Aite Group recently conducted a new report about alternative data that dives into new qualitative research collected by the firm. Join us to hear Aite Group’s findings about fintechs, banks, and credit unions at their webinar on December 4. Register today! Register for the Webinar Click here for more information about Experian’s Alternative Data solutions. Don’t forget to check out part one of this series here.   About Gavin Harding With more than 20 years in banking and finance Gavin leverages his expertise to develop sophisticated data and analytical solutions to problem solve and define strategies across the customer lifecycle for banking and fintech clients. For more than half of his career Gavin held senior leadership positions with a large regional bank, gaining experience in commercial and small business strategy, SBA lending, credit and risk management and sales. Gavin has guided organizations through strategic change initiatives and regulatory and supervisory oversight issues. Previously Gavin worked in the business leasing, agricultural and construction equipment sectors in sales and credit management roles.

Where are electric vehicles most popular? During the first half of the year, 3.6 percent of all new registrations in California were EVs.

In 2011, data scientists and credit risk managers finally found an appropriate analogy to explain what we do for a living. “You know Moneyball? What Paul DePodesta and Billy Beane did for the Oakland A’s, I do for XYZ Bank.” You probably remember the story: Oakland had to squeeze the most value out of its limited budget for hiring free agents, so it used analytics — the new baseball “sabermetrics” created by Bill James — to make data-driven decisions that were counterintuitive to the experienced scouts. Michael Lewis told the story in a book that was an incredible bestseller and led to a hit movie. The year after the movie was made, Harvard Business Review declared that data science was “the sexiest job of the 21st century.” Coincidence?   The importance of data Moneyball emphasized the recognition, through sabermetrics, that certain players’ abilities had been undervalued. In Travis Sawchik’s bestseller Big Data Baseball: Math, Miracles, and the End of a 20-Year Losing Streak, he notes that the analysis would not have been possible without the data. Early visionaries, including John Dewan, began collecting baseball data at games all over the country in a volunteer program called Project Scoresheet. Eventually they were collecting a million data points per season. In a similar fashion, credit data pioneers, such as TRW’s Simon Ramo, began systematically compiling basic credit information into credit files in the 1960s. Recognizing that data quality is the key to insights and decision-making and responding to the demand for objective data, Dewan formed two companies — Sports Team Analysis and Tracking Systems (STATS) and Baseball Info Solutions (BIS). It seems quaint now, but those companies collected and cleaned data using a small army of video scouts with stopwatches. Now data is collected in real time using systems from Pitch F/X and the radar tracking system Statcast to provide insights that were never possible before. It’s hard to find a news article about Game 1 of this year’s World Series that doesn’t discuss the launch angle or exit velocity of Eduardo Núñez’s home run, but just a couple of years ago, neither statistic was even measured. Teams use proprietary biometric data to keep players healthy for games. Even neurological monitoring promises to provide new insights and may lead to changes in the game. Similarly, lenders are finding that so-called “nontraditional data” can open up credit to consumers who might have been unable to borrow money in the past. This includes nontraditional Fair Credit Reporting Act (FCRA)–compliant data on recurring payments such as rent and utilities, checking and savings transactions, and payments to alternative lenders like payday and short-term loans. Newer fintech lenders are innovating constantly — using permissioned, behavioral and social data to make it easier for their customers to open accounts and borrow money. Similarly, some modern banks use techniques that go far beyond passwords and even multifactor authentication to verify their customers’ identities online. For example, identifying consumers through their mobile device can improve the user experience greatly. Some lenders are even using behavioral biometrics to improve their online and mobile customer service practices.   Continuously improving analytics Bill James and his colleagues developed a statistic called wins above replacement (WAR) that summarized the value of a player as a single number. WAR was never intended to be a perfect summary of a player’s value, but it’s very convenient to have a single number to rank players. Using the same mindset, early credit risk managers developed credit scores that summarized applicants’ risk based on their credit history at a single point in time. Just as WAR is only one measure of a player’s abilities, good credit managers understand that a traditional credit score is an imperfect summary of a borrower’s credit history. Newer scores, such as VantageScore® credit scores, are based on a broader view of applicants’ credit history, such as credit attributes that reflect how their financial situation has changed over time. More sophisticated financial institutions, though, don’t rely on a single score. They use a variety of data attributes and scores in their lending strategies. Just a few years ago, simply using data to choose players was a novel idea. Now new measures such as defense-independent pitching statistics drive changes on the field. Sabermetrics, once defined as the application of statistical analysis to evaluate and compare the performance of individual players, has evolved to be much more comprehensive. It now encompasses the statistical study of nearly all in-game baseball activities.   A wide variety of data-driven decisions Sabermetrics began being used for recruiting players in the 1980’s. Today it’s used on the field as well as in the back office. Big Data Baseball gives the example of the “Ted Williams shift,” a defensive technique that was seldom used between 1950 and 2010. In the world after Moneyball, it has become ubiquitous. Likewise, pitchers alter their arm positions and velocity based on data — not only to throw more strikes, but also to prevent injuries. Similarly, when credit scores were first introduced, they were used only in originations. Lenders established a credit score cutoff that was appropriate for their risk appetite and used it for approving and declining applications. Now lenders are using Experian’s advanced analytics in a variety of ways that the credit scoring pioneers might never have imagined: Improving the account opening experience — for example, by reducing friction online Detecting identity theft and synthetic identities Anticipating bust-out activity and other first-party fraud Issuing the right offer to each prescreened customer Optimizing interest rates Reviewing and adjusting credit lines Optimizing collections   Analytics is no substitute for wisdom Data scientists like those at Experian remind me that in banking, as in baseball, predictive analytics is never perfect. What keeps finance so interesting is the inherent unpredictability of the economy and human behavior. Likewise, the play on the field determines who wins each ball game: anything can happen. Rob Neyer’s book Power Ball: Anatomy of a Modern Baseball Game quotes the Houston Astros director of decision sciences: “Sometimes it’s just about reminding yourself that you’re not so smart.”  

While electric vehicles remain a relatively niche part of the market, with only 0.9 percent of the total vehicle registrations through June 2018, consumer demand has grown quite significantly over the past few years. As I mentioned in a previous blog post, electric vehicles held just 0.5 percent in 2016. Undoubtedly, manufacturers and retailers will look to capitalize on this growing segment of the population. But, it’s not enough to just dig into the sales number. If the automotive industry really wants to position itself for success, it’s important to understand the consumers most interested in electric vehicles. This level of data can help manufacturers and retailers make the right decisions and improve the bottom line. Based on our vehicle registration data, below is detailed look into the electric vehicle consumer. Home Value Somewhat unsurprisingly, the people most likely to purchase an electric vehicle tend to own more expensive homes. Consumers with homes valued between $450,000-$749,000 made up 25 percent of electric vehicle market share. And, as home values increase, these consumers still make up a significant portion of electric vehicle market. More than 15 percent of the electric vehicle market share was made up by those with homes valued between $750,000-$999,000, and 22.5 percent of the share was made up by those with home values of more than $1 million. In fact, consumers with home values of more than $1 million are 5.9 times more likely to purchase an electric vehicle than the general population.  Education Level Breaking down consumers by education level shows another distinct pattern. Individuals with a graduate degree are two times more likely to own an electric vehicle. Those with graduate degrees made up 28 percent of electric vehicle market share, compared to those with no college education, which made up just 11 percent. Consumer Lifestyle Segmentation Diving deeper into the lifestyles of individuals, we leveraged our Mosaic® USA consumer lifestyle segmentation system, which classifies every household and neighborhood in the U.S. into 71 unique types and 19 overachieving groups. Findings show American Royalty, who are described as wealthy, influential couples and families living in prestigious suburbs, led the way with a 17.8 percent share. Following them were Silver Sophisticates at 11.9 percent. Those in this category are described as mature couples and singles living an upscale lifestyle in suburban homes. Rounding out the top three were Cosmopolitan Achiever, described as affluent middle-aged and established couples and families who enjoy a dynamic lifestyle in metro areas. Their share was 10.1 percent. If manufacturers and retailers go beyond just the sales figures, a clearer picture of the electric vehicle market begins to form. They have an opportunity to understand that wealthier, more established individuals with higher levels of education and home values are much more likely to purchase electric vehicles. While these characteristics are consistent, the different segments represent a dynamic group of people who share similarities, but are still at different stages in life, leading different lifestyles and have different needs. As time wears on, the electric vehicle segment is poised for growth. If the industry wants to maximize its potential, they need to leverage data and insights to help make the right decisions and adapt to the evolving marketplace.

I believe it was George Bernard Shaw that once said something along the lines of, “If economists were laid end-to-end, they’d never come to a conclusion, at least not the same conclusion.” It often feels the same way when it comes to big data analytics around customer behavior. As you look at new tools to put your customer insights to work for your enterprise, you likely have questions coming from across your organization. Models always seem to take forever to develop, how sure are we that the results are still accurate? What data did we use in this analysis; do we need to worry about compliance or security? To answer these questions and in an effort to best utilize customer data, the most forward-thinking financial institutions are turning to analytical environments, or sandboxes, to solve their big data problems. But what functionality is right for your financial institution? In your search for a sandbox solution to solve the business problem of big data, make sure you keep these top four features in mind. Efficiency: Building an internal data archive with effective business intelligence tools is expensive, time-consuming and resource-intensive. That’s why investing in a sandbox makes the most sense when it comes to drawing the value out of your customer data.By providing immediate access to the data environment at all times, the best systems can reduce the time from data input to decision by at least 30%. Another way the right sandbox can help you achieve operational efficiencies is by direct integration with your production environment. Pretty charts and graphs are great and can be very insightful, but the best sandbox goes beyond just business intelligence and should allow you to immediately put models into action. Scalability and Flexibility: In implementing any new software system, scalability and flexibility are key when it comes to integration into your native systems and the system’s capabilities. This is even more imperative when implementing an enterprise-wide tool like an analytical sandbox. Look for systems that offer a hosted, cloud-based environment, like Amazon Web Services, that ensures operational redundancy, as well as browser-based access and system availability.The right sandbox will leverage a scalable software framework for efficient processing. It should also be programming language agnostic, allowing for use of all industry-standard programming languages and analytics tools like SAS, R Studio, H2O, Python, Hue and Tableau. Moreover, you shouldn’t have to pay for software suites that your analytics teams aren’t going to use. Support: Whether you have an entire analytics department at your disposal or a lean, start-up style team, you’re going to want the highest level of support when it comes to onboarding, implementation and operational success. The best sandbox solution for your company will have a robust support model in place to ensure client success. Look for solutions that offer hands-on instruction, flexible online or in-person training and analytical support. Look for solutions and data partners that also offer the consultative help of industry experts when your company needs it. Data, Data and More Data: Any analytical environment is only as good as the data you put into it. It should, of course, include your own client data. However, relying exclusively on your own data can lead to incomplete analysis, missed opportunities and reduced impact. When choosing a sandbox solution, pick a system that will include the most local, regional and national credit data, in addition to alternative data and commercial data assets, on top of your own data.The optimum solutions will have years of full-file, archived tradeline data, along with attributes and models for the most robust results. Be sure your data partner has accounted for opt-outs, excludes data precluded by legal or regulatory restrictions and also anonymizes data files when linking your customer data. Data accuracy is also imperative here. Choose a big data partner who is constantly monitoring and correcting discrepancies in customer files across all bureaus. The best partners will have data accuracy rates at or above 99.9%. Solving the business problem around your big data can be a daunting task. However, investing in analytical environments or sandboxes can offer a solution. Finding the right solution and data partner are critical to your success. As you begin your search for the best sandbox for you, be sure to look for solutions that are the right combination of operational efficiency, flexibility and support all combined with the most robust national data, along with your own customer data. Are you interested in learning how companies are using sandboxes to make it easier, faster and more cost-effective to drive actionable insights from their data? Join us for this upcoming webinar. Register for the Webinar

This is an exciting time to work in big data analytics. Here at Experian, we have more than 2 petabytes of data in the United States alone. In the past few years, because of high data volume, more computing power and the availability of open-source code algorithms, my colleagues and I have watched excitedly as more and more companies are getting into machine learning. We’ve observed the growth of competition sites like Kaggle, open-source code sharing sites like GitHub and various machine learning (ML) data repositories. We’ve noticed that on Kaggle, two algorithms win over and over at supervised learning competitions: If the data is well-structured, teams that use Gradient Boosting Machines (GBM) seem to win. For unstructured data, teams that use neural networks win pretty often. Modeling is both an art and a science. Those winning teams tend to be good at what the machine learning people call feature generation and what we credit scoring people called attribute generation. We have nearly 1,000 expert data scientists in more than 12 countries, many of whom are experts in traditional consumer risk models — techniques such as linear regression, logistic regression, survival analysis, CART (classification and regression trees) and CHAID analysis. So naturally I’ve thought about how GBM could apply in our world. Credit scoring is not quite like a machine learning contest. We have to be sure our decisions are fair and explainable and that any scoring algorithm will generalize to new customer populations and stay stable over time. Increasingly, clients are sending us their data to see what we could do with newer machine learning techniques. We combine their data with our bureau data and even third-party data, we use our world-class attributes and develop custom attributes, and we see what comes out. It’s fun — like getting paid to enter a Kaggle competition! For one financial institution, GBM armed with our patented attributes found a nearly 5 percent lift in KS when compared with traditional statistics. At Experian, we use Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost) implementation of GBM that, out of the box, has regularization features we use to prevent overfitting. But it’s missing some features that we and our clients count on in risk scoring. Our Experian DataLabs team worked with our Decision Analytics team to figure out how to make it work in the real world. We found answers for a couple of important issues: Monotonicity — Risk managers count on the ability to impose what we call monotonicity. In application scoring, applications with better attribute values should score as lower risk than applications with worse values. For example, if consumer Adrienne has fewer delinquent accounts on her credit report than consumer Bill, all other things being equal, Adrienne’s machine learning score should indicate lower risk than Bill’s score. Explainability — We were able to adapt a fairly standard “Adverse Action” methodology from logistic regression to work with GBM. There has been enough enthusiasm around our results that we’ve just turned it into a standard benchmarking service. We help clients appreciate the potential for these new machine learning algorithms by evaluating them on their own data. Over time, the acceptance and use of machine learning techniques will become commonplace among model developers as well as internal validation groups and regulators. Whether you’re a data scientist looking for a cool place to work or a risk manager who wants help evaluating the latest techniques, check out our weekly data science video chats and podcasts.

Electric vehicles are here to stay – and will likely gain market share as costs reduce, travel ranges increase and charging infrastructure grows.

There’s no shortage of buzz around fintechs shifting from marketplace challengers to industry collaborators. Regardless of fintech’s general reputation as market disruptors, a case can certainly be made for building partnerships with traditional financial institutions by leveraging the individual strengths of each organization. According to the World FinTech Report 2018, 75.5% of fintechs surveyed selected “collaborate with traditional firms” as their main objective. Whereas fintechs have agility, a singular focus on the customer, and an absence of legacy systems, traditional Financial Institutions have embedded infrastructure, scale, reach, and are well-versed with regulatory requirements. By partnering together, fintechs and other Financial Institutions can combine strengths to generate real business results and impact the customer experience. New stories are emerging – stories that illustrate positive outcomes beyond efforts exerted by one side alone. A recent report sponsored by Experian and conducted by the Filene Research Institute further explores the results of fintech and traditional FI partnerships by examining the experiences of six organizations: The outcomes of these relationships are sure to encourage more collaborative partnerships. And while leveraging each organization’s strength is a critical component, there’s much more to consider when developing a strategic approach. In the fast-moving, disruptive world of fintech, just what are the key elements to building a successful collaboration with traditional Financial Institutions? Click here to learn more. More Info on Marketplace Lending Read the Filene Report

Vehicle prices are going up, yet consumers seem unfazed. Despite consumers taking out larger loan amounts, they continue to make their monthly payments on time. But, affordability remains a point of industry interest.  As vehicle prices hit record highs, how long will consumers have an appetite for them? According to Experian’s latest State of Automotive Finance Market report, delinquency rates continued a downward trend, as 30- and 60-day delinquencies were 2.11 and 0.64 percent, respectively, at the end of Q2. Those numbers demonstrate that car owners are making timely payments despite rising vehicle costs, which is an encouraging sign for the market. The average loan amount for a new vehicle is now $30,958, a $724 increase from last year. Additionally, consumers are now making monthly payments of about $525 on a new car loan, an all-time high that has seen a $20 year over year increase. The auto market shows little to no sign of declining costs, but vehicles aren’t the only cost to consider – interest rates have increased by 56 basis points since last year.  When combined with the rising manufacturer costs, long-term affordability is a continued concern within the industry. The data points to consumers offsetting the expense by taking out longer loan terms. In Q2, the most common loan length was 72 months—which equates to six years—for both new and used financing. While this lowers the monthly payment, it leaves them subject to paying higher interest over time, as well as the potential for individuals to be upside down on their loan for a longer period of time. The key takeaway from this data is that costs continue to rise, but consumers appear to be doing a better job of managing their finances. This insight can help OEMs, dealers, and lenders make strategic decisions with a better understanding of consumer borrowing and credit habits, and think about how to make car ownership more inviting, through incentive or loyalty programs. For consumers, continuing to take steps to actively improve your credit score is one of the key ways to ensure that you’re able to negotiate the right deal when it comes to financing. Ultimately, for everyone involved, it comes down to leveraging the power of data to make more informed decisions, which can help make vehicle ownership more accessible and affordable. To learn more about the State of the Automotive Finance Market report, or to watch the webinar, click here.

Fintechs take on banks, technology, and finance as we know It. In the credit space, their reputation as a market disruptor precedes their definition. But now, as they infiltrate headlines and traditional finance as many know it – serving up consumer-centric, convenience-touting, access-for-all online marketplace lending – fintechs aren’t just becoming a mainstay within the financial spectrum’s vernacular. With their increasing foothold in the marketplace, they are here and they are gaining momentum. Since their initial entry to the marketplace in 2006, these technology-driven online platforms flaunt big data, actionable analytics and originations growing at exponential rates. Fintechs hang their hats on their ability to be the “anti-bank” of sorts. The brainchild of finance plus technology, their brands promise simple but powerful deliverables – all centered on innovation. And they market themselves as filling in the gaps commonly accepted as standard practices by traditional financial institutions. Think paperwork, less-than-instant turnaround times, a history of unwavering tradition, etc. Fintechs deliver a one-two punch, serving the marketplace as both lending companies and technology gurus – two pieces that financial institutions want and consumers crave. Now, as they grow more prominent within the marketplace, some are starting to pivot to test strategic partnerships and bring their strengths – technological infrastructure, speed and agility – to credit unions and other traditional financial institutions. According to the World FinTech Report 2018, 75.5% of fintechs surveyed want to collaborate with traditional financial services firms. The challenge, is that both fintechs and traditional financial institutions struggle with finding the right partners, efficiently working together and effectively scaling innovation. From competitors to collaborators, how can fintechs and traditional institutions strike a partnership balance? A recent report sponsored by Experian and conducted by the Filene Research Institute, explores this conundrum by examining the experiences of six financial institutions – some fintechs and some traditional FIs – as they seek to collaborate under the common goal of better serving customers. The results offer up key ingredients for fostering a successful collaboration between fintechs and traditional financial institutions – to generate real impact to the customer experience and the bottom-line. Rest assured, that in the fast-moving, disruptive world of fintech, effective partnerships such as these will continue to push boundaries and redefine the evolving financial services marketplace. Learn More About Online Marketplace Lending Download the Filene Report

How a business prices its products is a dynamic process that drives customer satisfaction and loyalty, as well as business success.  In the digital age, pricing is becoming even more complex.  For example, companies like Amazon may revise the price of a hot item several times per day. Dynamic pricing models for consumer financial products can be especially difficult for at least four reasons: A complex regulatory environment. Fair lending concerns. The potential for adverse selection by risky consumers and fraudsters. The direct impact the affordability of a loan may have on both the consumer’s ability to pay it and the likelihood that it will be prepaid. If a lender offered the same interest rate and terms to every customer for the same loan product, low-risk customers would secure better rates elsewhere, and high-risk customers would not. The end result? Only the higher-risk customers would select the product, which would increase losses and reduce profitability. For this reason, the lending industry has established risk-based pricing. This pricing method addresses the above issue, since customers with different risk profiles are offered different rates. But it’s limited. More advanced lenders also understand the price elasticity of customer demand, because there are diverse reasons why customers decide to take up differently priced loans. Customers have different needs and risk profiles, so they react to a loan offer in different ways. Many factors determine a customer’s propensity to take up an offer — for example, the competitive environment and availability of other lenders, how time-critical the decision is, and the loan terms offered. Understanding the customer’s price elasticity allows a business to offer the ideal price to each customer to maximize profitability. Pricing optimization is the superior method assuming the lender has a scientific, data-driven approach to predicting how different customers will respond to different prices. Optimization allows an organization to determine the best offer for each customer to meet business objectives while adhering to financial and operational constraints such as volume, margin and credit risk. The business can access trade-offs between competing objectives, such as maximizing revenue and maximizing volume, and determine the optimal decision to be made for each individual customer to best meet both objectives. In the table below, you can see five benefits lenders realize when they improve their pricing segmentation with an optimization strategy. Interested in learning more about pricing optimization? Click here to download our full white paper, Price optimization in retail consumer lending.

Unsecured lending is increasing. And everyone wants in. Not only are the number of personal loans increasing, but the share of those loans originated by fintech companies is increasing. According to Experian statistics, in August 2015, 890 new trades were originated by fintechs (or 21% of all personal loans). Two years later, in August 2017, 1.1 million trades belonged to fintechs (making up 36% of trades). This increase is consistent over time even though the spread of average loan amount between traditional loans and fintech is tightening. While convenience and the ability to apply online are key, interest rates are the number one factor in choosing a lender. Although average interest rates for traditional loans have stabilized, fintech interest rates continue to shift higher – and yet, the upward momentum in fintech loan origination continues. So, who are the consumers taking these loans? A common misconception about fintechs is that their association with market disruption, innovation and technology means that they appeal vastly to the Millennial masses. But that’s not necessarily the case. Boomers represent the second largest group utilizing fintech Marketplace loans and, interestingly, Boomers’ average loan amount is higher than any other generational group – 85.9% higher, in fact, from their Millennial counterparts. The reality is the personal loan market is fast-paced and consumers across the generational spectrum appear eager to adopt convenience-based, technology-driven online lending methods – something to the tune of $35.7 million in trades. For more lending insights and statistics, download Experian’s Q2 2018 Personal Loans Infographic here.   Learn More About Online Marketplace Lending Download Lending Insights

The concept of the credit card was originally envisioned by utopian novelist Edmond Bellamy in 1887 in his utopian novel “Looking Backward.” And ever since the first credit card was introduced almost 70 years ago, people have been absolutely crazy for them. The average American has roughly three of them in her wallet, each with an average balance of $6354 ($1841 for retail cards). Total US credit card debt tipped over $1 trillion in 2017 and continues to climb at around 5% a year. With all of that consumer enthusiasm, you’d be right to assume that it’s a fantastic business to be in. But the credit card industry of today is nothing if not competitive and, with literally thousands of credit card products out there, it’s exceptionally hard to stand out. Our wallets are overflowing with cards and our mailboxes are awash with card offers, yet few people could explain the differences between them. In addition, the industry has lost ground to an ever-proliferating list of alternative payment methods, including mobile peer-to-peer payment services and prepaid debit cards. Furthermore, the advent of big data and alternative underwriting models could allow some tech upstarts to refinance balances at lower interest rates – especially if they’re willing to accept slightly lower returns than credit card companies have become accustomed to. So while the industry as a whole appears to be quite healthy, it’s clear that in order to differentiate credit card companies need to be more innovative than they are today. And the first step towards coming up with new, innovative ideas is acknowledging your vulnerabilities. Six vulnerabilities in the credit card industry Credit card companies face threats on many sides, making it hard to know where to start initiating change. Here are some of the top vulnerabilities that face the credit card industry today. 1. Retailers are starting to balk at high fees In 2016, Costco concluded its exclusive partnership with American Express in favor of Visa and Citibank. While that transition was painful at times, analysts from BMO Capital Markets estimated that switch would save the retailer between $110 million and $220 million in interchange fees. Later that year, Walmart Canada announced that it intended to stop accepting Visa credit cards in its 400 stores, citing high transaction fees. The two companies resolved the dispute after six months, and neither company disclosed the new terms. But it wouldn’t be the last time it happened. Foods Co., a California-based Kroger family company, stopped accepting Visa credit cards in its 21 stores and five gas stations in August 2018 over a fee dispute. Its parent company stated that it’s considering following suit. When large retailers stop accepting certain payment networks or changing their preferred payment network over fee disputes, it’s not just the payment networks that suffer. Credit card issuers also miss out when their cardholders can no longer use certain cards at their favorite retailer. 2. Fintech companies competing for loyalty Fintech companies are providing many services that credit cardholders can’t always get with their card issuer. Some, for example, provide credit monitoring services that help consumers build or rebuild their credit. Other fintech companies are using alternative and trended credit data in their underwriting process. Earnest, for example, not only checks applicants’ credit scores but also looks at savings patterns, investment balances, and employment growth potential. Fannie Mae, the largest source of funding for mortgage lenders, began using trended credit data, which provides a deeper look at a borrower’s credit history, for single-family mortgage applications in 2016. By using alternative and trended credit data to evaluate prospective borrowers, these and other companies can find new customer markets and achieve more predictive decisions than the traditional way of measuring risk. 3. Mobile payment services bypassing credit card companies Apple Pay, Samsung Pay and Google Pay make it easier and safer for cardholders to use their credit cards when shopping online and at retail stores. That said, these services could start using their own payment infrastructure in the future, bypassing credit cards entirely. Peer-to-peer mobile payment services including PayPal, Venmo and Square, already do this. In fact, they charge a fee for credit card payments, which effectively forces most users to use a debit card or checking account instead. 4. Increased use of debit cards undercuts credit cards Consumers made 73.8 billion payments with a debit card in 2016, according to the Federal Reserve, with a value of $2.7 trillion. That’s roughly three times the volume and value of debit card payments a decade earlier. During that same time, the volume and value of credit card payments increased by closer to 1.5 times. While that’s still an upward trend, debit cards use is gaining more steam. Younger consumers are likely driving this trend toward debit instead of credit. A study conducted by Harris Poll recently found that Millennials carry fewer credit cards than older generations and appear far more debt warry. Also, according to a TD Bank survey, Millennials spend more than twice as much using cash, debit cards and checks than the average American. Some banks including Discover and American Express, have begun offering cash-back rewards to their debit and prepaid debit cardholders. These rewards programs may start to catch on with other banks, making debit cards a reasonable alternative to credit card holders who prefer debit but don’t want to miss out on cash back. 5. Challenger brands are targeting underserved customers Many major credit card issuers focus more on the prime and near-prime market, opening up the way for challenger brands to capture market share among consumers who are new to credit or looking to rebuild. Deserve, for instance, has raised more than $78 million to provide a credit card to international students with no Social Security number requirement. It also offers an unsecured credit card designed for consumers with no credit history. Another example is Petal, which has raised close to $17 million from investors to provide a no-fee, unsecured credit card to help consumers build credit — all with no credit score requirement. 6. A persistent lack of security in credit card transactions Credit card fraud was the most common form of identity theft reported to the Federal Trade Commission in 2017, according to a report by Experian. And while credit card companies have made strides to prevent fraudsters from accessing credit card information, perpetrators are getting smarter and more sophisticated, making it hard for card issuers to keep up. With consumer credit card debt rapidly growing and APR’s on the rise, the current credit card boon simply can’t last forever. The market will eventually shrink and a game of “Survivor” will ensue. So it would be wise for credit card companies to take stock of their vulnerabilities now and start getting ahead of the pack. Visit our website for more information on identity protection products you can offer your customers.