It’s Time to Get Serious About First-Party Fraud

by Chris Ryan 2 min read August 14, 2018

First-party fraud is an identity-centric risk that changes over time. And the fact that no one knows the true size of first-party fraud is not the problem. It’s a symptom.

First-party fraud involves a person making financial commitments or defaulting on existing commitments using their own identity, a manipulated version of their own identity or a synthetic identity they control. With the identity owner involved, a critical piece of the puzzle is lost. Because fraud “treatments” tend to be all-or-nothing and rely on a victim, the consequences of applying traditional fraud strategies when first-party fraud is suspected can be too harsh and significantly damage the customer relationship.

Without feedback from a victim, first-party fraud hides in plain sight — in credit losses. As a collective, we’ve created lots of subsets of losses that nibble around the edges of first-party fraud, and we focus on reducing those. But I can’t help thinking if we were really trying to solve first-party fraud, we would collectively be doing a better job of measuring it. As the saying goes, “If you can’t measure it, you can’t improve it.”

Because behaviors exhibited during first-party fraud are difficult to distinguish from those of legitimate consumers who’ve encountered catastrophic life events, such as illness and unemployment, individual account performance isn’t typically a good measurement. First-party fraud is a person-level event rather than an account-level event and needs to be viewed as such.

So why does first-party fraud slip through the cracks?

  • Existing, third-party fraud prevention tools aren’t trained to detect it.
  • Underwriting relies on a point-in-time assessment, leaving lenders blind to intentions that may change after booking.
  • When first-party fraud occurs, the different organizations that suffer losses attach different names to it based on their account-level view.
  • It’s hidden in credit losses, preventing you from identifying it for future analysis.

As an industry, we aren’t going to be able to solve the problem of first-party fraud as long as three different organizations can look at an individual and declare, “Never pay!” “No. Bust-out!” “No! Charge-off!” So, what do we need to stop doing?

  • Stop thinking that it’s a different problem based on when you enter the picture. Whether you opened an account five years ago or 5 minutes ago doesn’t change the problem. It’s still first-party fraud if the person who owns the identity is the one misusing it.
  • Stop thinking that the financial performance of an account you maintain is the only relevant data.

And what do we need to start doing?

  • See and treat first-party fraud as a continuous
  • Leverage machine learning techniques and robust data (including your own observations) to monitor for emerging risk over
  • Apply multiple levels of treatments to respond and tighten controls/reduce exposure as risk
  • Define first-party fraud using a broader set of elements beyond your individual observations.

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The why behind Experian's acquisition of AtData What happens when a comprehensive email intelligence database joins a global leader in data, analytics and fraud prevention? The acquisition of AtData adds 25+ years of building a complete view of email as an identity signal. Financial institutions can recognize, engage and protect customers unlocking a new standard for the way their teams work and the customer experience. That's what Experian's acquisition of AtData delivers. How we got here Not all email addresses tell the same story. Some are newly created. Some exhibit bot-like patterns. Some are inconsistent with every other signal you have about that person. Imagine a real customer. You have a job. You shop online. You have a primary email from your employer, a personal Gmail you've used for 15 years, and an old Yahoo address you still use for shopping because you've been using it since college. You're an engaged customer who interacts with brands, makes purchases and pays bills on time. But each system sees a different version of you. When you apply for credit, the lender sees one email. When you shop, the retailer sees another. When you sign up for a service, you might use the third. For financial institutions: You slow down the approval process to manually verify identity or approve applicants without the full picture. For retailers: You can't tell which version of "customer" is the most engaged, so you either over-mail or under-serve. For fraud systems: Sees a new account created under one email and flags it as suspicious because it doesn't have the history. This was the original problem AtData was built to solve in 1999. Twenty-five years later, that problem didn’t go away, it became more complex. Email fragmentation and device sharing are more common, and identity theft is more sophisticated. Capabilities that now work together Experian has built sophisticated identity and fraud solutions backed by consumer data resources and decades of expertise in credit and risk. AtData brought the ability to assess whether an email address is trustworthy, reachable and consistent—at scale, in real time. Experian is now making email intelligence foundational, not optional. This matters for: Fraud prevention and risk management: Distinguishing a returning customer from a new threat. Knowing whether an email is newly created, exhibiting bot-like patterns or inconsistent with other identities is crucial. Compliance: Building audit trails that can explain identity decisions. Email data history and behavioral signals create the documentation needed to defend your decisions. Credit: Verifying identity in a world where traditional signals are shifting. Email signals provide a persistent, durable identifier that confirms who someone actually is. Marketing: Reaching the right person across email, mail and digital channels. Email intelligence reveals which addresses are actively engaged and reachable. Research shows email remains one of the highest-ROI marketing channels outperforming paid search and social advertising1. The problem every marketer faces: You end up burning budget on addresses that bounce, are unmonitored or are associated with users who never open mail. For credit marketing specifically, email enables faster, more targeted delivery of firm offers across channels, something that's increasingly important in a post-cookie world. "Email is a persistent identifier in a fragmented world. It's what connects a person's postal address, phones, devices, behaviors—the full picture of who they are. By embedding that into our infrastructure, we're not just adding another data point. We're fundamentally improving how businesses understand who their customers are."- Ashley Knight, Senior Vice President, Financial Services and Data Why now? AI is reshaping how decisions are made in every industry. Models are getting faster, more automated and more embedded in core workflows. But AI is only as effective as the data behind it. Fragmented data + fast models = faster, larger-scale misclassifications. In an era of synthetic identities, AI agents, deepfakes and AI-generated activity, the value of durable, persistent, real-world data signals has increased dramatically. Deloitte’s Center for Financial Services projects that generative AI could drive fraud losses in the U.S. up to $40 billion by 2027, a 32% growth rate since 2023. And email sits at the center of it with business email compromise already being one of the most common and costly fraud types. People change phones, move homes and swap devices, but they often hold onto their email for years. That's the signal that protects your business, and the one we've built into the core of how we help you make decisions with confidence. View the press release here

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