Tag: phishing

This article was updated on November 9, 2023. Account takeover fraud is a huge, illicit business in the United States with real costs for consumers and the organizations that serve them. In fact, experts predict that by the end of 2023, account takeover losses will be over $635 billion. With consumers' data, your reputation, and your organization's financial picture on the line, now's the time to learn about account takeover fraud and how to prevent it.  What is account takeover fraud?  Account takeover fraud is a form of identity theft where bad actors gain unlawful access to a user's online accounts in order to commit financial crimes. This often involves the use of bots.  information that enables account access can be compromised in a variety of ways. It might be purchased and sold on the dark web, captured through spyware or malware or even given “voluntarily" by those falling for a phishing scam.  Account takeover fraud can do far more potential damage than previous forms of fraud because once criminals gain access to a user's online account, they can use those credentials to breach others of that user's accounts.  Common activities and tools associated with account takeover fraud include: Phishing: Phishing fraud relies on human error by impersonating legitimate businesses, usually in an email. For example, a scammer might send a phishing email disguising themselves as a user's bank and asking them to click on a link that will take them to a fraudulent site. If the user is fooled and clicks the link, it can give the hackers access to the account.  Credential stuffing/cracking: Fraudsters buy compromised data on the dark web and use bots to run automated scripts to try and access accounts. This strategy, called credential stuffing, can be very effective because many people reuse insecure passwords on multiple accounts, so numerous accounts might be breached when a bot has a hit. Credential cracking takes a less nuanced approach by simply trying different passwords on an account until one works.  Malware: Most people are aware of computer viruses and malware but they may not know that certain types of malware can track your keystrokes. If a user inadvertently downloads a “key logger", everything they type, including their passwords, is visible to hackers.  Trojans: As the name suggests, a trojan works by hiding inside a legitimate application. Often used with mobile banking apps, a trojan can overlay the app and capture credentials, intercept funds and redirect financial assets.  Cross-account takeover: One evolving type of fraud concern is cross-account takeover. This is where hackers take over a user's financial account alongside another account such as their mobile phone or email. With this kind of access, fraudsters can steal funds more easily and anti-fraud solutions are less able to identify them.  Intermediary new-account fraud: This type of fraud involves using a user's credentials to open new accounts in their name with the aim of draining their bank accounts.  This is only an overview of some of the most prevalent types of account takeover fraud. The rise of digital technologies, smartphones, and e-commerce has opened the door to thieves who can exploit the weaknesses in digital security for their own aims. The situation has only worsened with the rapid influx of new and inexperienced online users driven by the COVID-19 pandemic.  Why should you be concerned, now?  Now that digital commerce and smartphone use are the norm, information used to access accounts  is a security risk. If a hacker can get access to this information, they may be able to log in to multiple accounts.. The risk is no longer centralized; with every new technology, there's a new avenue to exploit.   To exacerbate the situation, the significant shift to online, particularly online banking, spurred by the COVID-19 pandemic, appears to have amplified account takeover fraud attempts. In 2019, prior to the pandemic, 1.5 billion records — or approximately five records per American — were exposed in data breaches. This can potentially increase as the number of digital banking users in the United States is expected to reach almost 217 million by 2025. Aite research reported that 64 percent of financial institutions were seeing higher rates of account takeover fraud than before COVID. Unfortunately, this trend shows no sign of slowing down. The increase in first-time online users propelled by COVID has amplified the critical security issues caused by a shift from transaction fraud to identity-centric account access. Organizations, especially those in the financial and big technology sectors, have every reason to be alarmed.  The impact of account takeover fraud on organizations  Account takeover can be costly, damage your reputation and require significant investments to identify and correct.  Protection of assets  When we think of the risks to organizations of account takeover fraud, the financial impact is usually the first hazard to come to mind. It's a significant worry: According to Experian's 2023 U.S. Identity and Fraud report, account takeover fraud was among the top most encountered fraud events reported by U.S. businesses. And even worse, the average net fraud loss per case for debit accounts has been steadily increasing since early 2021. The costs to businesses of these fraudulent activities aren't just from stolen funds. Those who offer credit products might have to cover the costs of disputing chargebacks, card processing fees or providing refunds. Plus, in the case of a data breach, there may be hefty fines levied against your organization for not properly safeguarding consumer information. Add to these the costs associated with the time of your PR department, sales and marketing teams, finance department and customer service units.  In short, the financial impact of account takeover fraud can permeate your entire organization and take significant time to recoup and repair.  Protection of information  Consumers rightfully expect organizations to have a solid cybersecurity plan and to protect their information but they also want ease and convenience. In many cases, it's the consumers themselves who engage in risky online behavior — reusing the same password on multiple sites or even using the same password on all sites. These lax security practices open users up to the possibility of multiple account takeovers. Making things worse for organizations, security strategies can annoy or frustrate consumers. If security measures are too strict, they risk alienating consumers or even generating false positives, where the security measure flags a legitimate user.  Organizations are in the difficult position of having to balance effective security measures with a comfortable user experience. Reputation  When there's a data breach, it does significant damage to your organization's reputation by demonstrating weaknesses in your security. Fraudulent account take-overs can affect the consumers who rely on you significantly and if you lose their trust, they're likely to sever their relationship with you. Large-scale data breaches can sully your organization's reputation with the general public, making consumers less likely to consider your services. How to build an account takeover fraud prevention strategy  There are numerous ways to build an account takeover fraud prevention strategy, but to work for your and individual consumers, it must pair robust risk management with a low friction user experience.  Here are some of the key elements to an account takeover fraud prevention strategy that hits the right notes.  Monitor interactions The risk of account takeover is constant so your monitoring should be as well. A layered, proactive and passive fraud prevention program can monitor your interactions, reduce false positives and keep track of consumers' digital identities. Use the right tools When it comes to fraud prevention, you've got plenty of choices but you'll want to make sure you use the tools that protect you, as well as consumer data, while always providing a positive experience. We use risk-based identity and device authentication and targeted step-up authentication to keep things running smoothly and only pull in staff for deeper investigations where necessary. Automate to reduce manual processes  Your organization's fraud prevention strategy likely includes manual processes, tasks that are completed by employees—but humans make mistakes that can be costly. Taking the wrong action, or even no action at all, can result in a security breach. Automated tasks like threat filtering and software and hardware updates can reduce the risk to your organization while improving response time and freeing up your team.  Choose a nimble platform  Technology changes quickly and so does fraud. You'll need access to a layered platform that lets you move as quickly as the bad actors do.  The bottom line  You can effectively mitigate against the risk of account takeover fraud and offer consumers a seamless experience. Learn more about account takeover fraud prevention and fraud management solutions.  Fraud management solutions

It’s obvious that 2020 was a year of unprecedented change and created brand new opportunities for fraud. In 2021, fraudsters will continue to iterate on new and old methods of attack, requiring businesses to remain flexible and proactive to prevent losses. We created the 2021 Future of Fraud Forecast to help businesses anticipate new types of fraud and prepare and protect consumers on the road ahead. Here are the trends we expect to see over the coming year: Putting a Face to Frankenstein IDs: Synthetic identity fraud will start to rely on “Frankenstein faces” for biometric verification. “Too Good to Be True” COVID Solutions: The promise of at-home test kits, vaccines and treatments will be used as means for sophisticated phishing and social engineering schemes. Stimulus Fraud Activity, Round Two: Fraudsters will take advantage of additional stimulus funding by using stolen data to intercept payments. Say ‘Hello’ to Constant Automated Attacks: Once the stimulus fraud attacks run their course, hackers will increasingly turn to automated methods. Survival of the Fittest for Small Businesses: In 2021, businesses with lackluster fraud prevention tools will suffer large financial losses. To learn more about how to protect your business and customers, download the Future of Fraud Forecast and check out Experian’s fraud prevention solutions. Future of Fraud Forecast Request a call

Preventing account takeover (ATO) fraud is paramount in today’s increasingly digital world. In this two-part series, we’ll explore the benefits and considerations of a Defense in Depth strategy for stopping ATO. The challenges with preventing account takeover Historically, managing fraud and identity risk in online banking has been a trade-off between customer experience and the effectiveness of fraud controls. The basic control structure relies on a lock on the front door of online banking front door—login—as the primary authentication control to defend against ATO. Within this structure, there are two choices. The first is tightening the lock, which equals a higher rate of step-up authentication challenges and lower fraud losses. The second is loosening the lock, which results in a lower challenge rate and higher fraud loses. Businesses can layer in more controls to reduce the false positives, but that only allows marginal efficiency increases and usually represents a significant expense in both time and budget to add in new controls. Now is the perfect time for businesses reassess their online banking authentication strategy for a multitude of reasons: ATO is on the rise: According to Javelin Strategy & Research, ATO increased 72% in 2019.1 Users’ identities and credentials are at more risk than ever before: Spear phishing and data breaches are now a fact of life leading to reduced effectiveness of traditional authentication controls. Online banking enrollments are on the rise: According to BioCatch, in the months following initial shelter-in-place orders across the country, banks have seen a massive spike in first time online banking access. Users expect security in online banking: Half of consumers continue to cite security as the most important factor in their online experience. Businesses who reassess the control structure for their online banking will increase the effectiveness of their tools and reduce the number of customers challenged at the same time – giving them Defense in Depth. What is Defense in Depth? Defense in Depth refers to a strategy in which a series of defense mechanisms are layered in order to protect data and information. The basic assumptions underlying the value of a Defense in Depth strategy are: Different types of transactions within online banking have different levels of inherent risk (e.g., external money movement is considerably higher risk compared to viewing recent credit card transactions) At login, the overall transaction risk associated with the session risk is unknown The risk associated with online banking is concentrated in relatively small populations – the vast majority of digital transactions are low risk This is the Pareto principle at play – i.e., about 80% of online banking risk is concentrated within about 20% of sessions. Experian research shows that risk is even more concentrated – closer to >90% of the risk is concentrated in <10% of transactions. This is relatively intuitive, as the most common activities within online banking consist of users checking their balance or reviewing recent transactions. It is much less common for customers to engage in higher risk transaction. The challenge is that businesses cannot know the session risk at the time of challenge, thus their efficiency is destined to be sub-optimal. The benefits of Defense in Depth A Defense in Depth strategy can really change the economics of an online banking security program. Adopting a strategy that continuously assesses the overall session risk as a user navigates through their session allows more efficient risk decisions at moments that matter most to the user. With that increased efficiency, businesses are better set up to prevent fraud without frustrating legitimate users. Defense in Depth allows businesses to intelligently layer security protocols to protect against vulnerability – helping to prevent theft and reputational losses and minimize end-user frustration. In addition to these benefits, a continuous risk-based approach can have lower overall operational costs than a traditional security approach. The second part of this series will explore the cost considerations associated with the Defense in Depth strategy explored above. In the meantime, feel free to reach out to discuss options. Contact us 1Identity Fraud in the Digital Age, Javelin Strategy & Research, September 2020

Pre COVID-19, operations functions for retailers and financial institutions had not typically consisted of a remote (stay at home) workforce. Some organizations were better prepared than others, but there is a firm belief that retail and banking have changed for good as a result of the pandemic and resulting economic and workforce shifts. Market trends and implications When stay at home orders were issued, non-essential brick and mortar businesses closed unexpectedly. What were retailers to do with no traffic coming through the doors at their physical locations? The impact on big-box retailers like Best Buy, Dick’s Sporting goods, Sears, JCPenney, Nike, Starbucks, Macy’s, Neiman Marcus, Nordstrom, Kohl’s to name a few, has been unprecedented; some have had to shut their doors for good. Over the past several months global retail has seen e-commerce sales grow over 81% compared to the same period last year, according to Card Not Present. Some sectors have seen triple-digit growth year over year. Most online retailers have been ill-prepared to handle this increase in transactional volume in such a short amount of time, which has resulted in rapid fraud loss increases. A recent white paper from Aite Group reported that prior to COVID-19, a large financial institution forecasted an 8% decrease in fraud for 2020, but has since revised the projection to increase 10-15%. What does this all mean?  Bad actors are taking advantage of the pandemic to exploit the online retail channel. The increased remote channel usage—online, mobile, and contact centers in particular—continues to be an area where retailers are exposed. Account takeover, through phishing and relaxed call center controls, is rising as well. Increases in phishing attacks are leading to compromised and stolen identities and synthetic identity fraud. Account takeover (ATO) fraud has increased 347% since 2019 according to PYMNTS.com. A recent survey found more than a quarter of merchants (27%) admit that they don’t have measures to prevent ATO. 24% of merchants can’t identify an ATO during a purchase. 14% of merchants say they are not even aware that an ATO has occurred unless a customer contacts them. When criminals use these compromised accounts to make fraudulent purchases, the merchant loses revenue and the value of the goods. They can also suffer from damage to brand reputation and a loss of customer confidence. A lack of account security can have lasting effects as 65% of customers surveyed say they would likely stop buying from a merchant if their account was compromised, according to that same Card Not Present study. So how can retailers start to identify bad actors with malicious intent? This will be a constant struggle for retailers. Rather than a one size fits all solution, retailers must move toward a strategy that is nimble and dynamic and can address multiple areas of exposure. A fraudster could easily slip by one verification method—for instance with a stolen credential—only to be foiled by a secondary authentication tactic like device identity. A layered fraud strategy continues to be the industry best practice, where both passive and active authentication methods are leveraged to frustrate fraudsters without applying undue friction to “good” consumers. The layered solution should also utilize device risk, identity verification and fraud analytics, with tailoring to each businesses’ needs, risk tolerance, and customer profiles. Learn more about how to build a layered fraud strategy today. Learn more

“Are we next?” That’s the question companies around the world are grappling with as more high-profile data breaches make headlines. At a time when one in four organizations experience cyber-attacks, mishandling the response can do more damage than the breach itself. We take precautions against dangerous situations every day. With years of practice either in school or at work, most of us know what to do if there’s an emergency. We conduct drills repeatedly because when we immediately know how to respond to a threatening situation, we can minimize destruction. Because of the high probability of a cyber-attack, businesses need to treat breach responses like internal drills, repeatedly practicing until it becomes instinctive. Prepare your data breach response drill A well-prepared incident response strategy should first define all breach scenarios (e.g., ransomware, malware, phishing, etc.) and their specific steps. Assembling a qualified team is also critical, individual roles and responsibilities should be defined and clearly communicated. After finalizing the essential components of your incident response plan, regular testing is crucial to ensuring your organization is equipped to handle the unexpected. Practice makes perfect Below are six principles to help guide your data breach response drill effectively: Bring in an outsider. Enlist the expertise of someone outside your organization to run the drills and serve as a moderator. A third-party facilitator allows you and your team to focus on individual tasks and responsibilities. Put aside plenty of time. At a minimum, give your team half a day to do the exercise and to debrief. It’s an exercise for everyone. All internal and external team members who will be involved in a data breach response need to participate in this activity. Expect the unexpected. Your drills should include various likelihoods and situations. Another benefit to bringing in an outside moderator is that they can throw unpredictable scenarios at your team. Debrief. After the exercise, the entire team should review, discuss each mock situation in detail, and identify any areas in need of improvement. Repeat every six months. Keep your team aware of the latest developments in the world of cybersecurity and prepared to tackle cyber threats by conducting drills every six months. Executing these drills are invaluable and help prove to your stakeholders, customers and employees that your company takes data security seriously. The more you practice putting your plan into action, the better prepared you’ll be in a real-life situation. Visit our website for more information about our offerings and how Experian can help you prepare and respond to data breaches.

Risk managers, legal experts and brokers say phishing and social engineering are, by far, the biggest security threats facing their companies and clients. In fact, 80 percent of legal experts polled by Advisen for Experian Data Breach Resolution’s 2017 Cyber Risk Preparedness and Response Survey, 68 percent of brokers and 61 percent of risk managers cited phishing/social engineering as their top concern. Why do they feel that way? A look at the numbers and some insight into human nature can explain their fears — and help you understand why your organization should be just as concerned about phishing risks. By the numbers Phishing and social engineering are particularly effective forms of cyberattack because they use technology and knowledge of human nature to manipulate employees into actions that serve the attacker’s purpose. How effective are they? Employees succumbing to a targeted phishing attack was one of the top two insider risks cited by executives who responded to the Ponemon report Managing Insider Risk through Training and Culture. Sixty-one percent of information security professionals polled by Wombat Security for its 2017 State of the Phish report said their organization had been the victim of a phishing attack. According to the Ponemon Fourth Annual Preparedness Study, 38 percent of respondents are not confident they can deal with a spear phishing incident The human risk factor Phishing in general and spear phishing in particular are successful because human beings are often the chink in an organization’s cybersecurity armor. All it takes is one overly curious and under-cautious employee clicking on a suspicious email, or a well-meaning worker who responds to a seemingly authentic request for proprietary information. Those scenarios are the stuff of nightmares for information security professionals, and unfortunately they happen all too frequently. Multiple studies show that negligent employees cause more data breaches than other sources, whether they succumb to a phishing attack or lose a company laptop at the airport. However, studies also show that cybersecurity training, including a component on phishing, can help reduce employee-related risks. Training is critical Among organizations that train employees on how to spot and avoid phishing attacks, 52 percent reported they were able to see quantifiable results — fewer successful attacks — based on their training, Wombat said. Respondents to the Advisen survey stressed the importance of creating a company culture in which cybersecurity is everyone’s job and knowledge of phishing and how to thwart attacks is the norm. Employee training in cybersecurity should begin as part of the onboarding process when the worker joins your organization, and everyone should get a refresher at least annually. While 67 percent of those surveyed by Ponemon said their organizations didn’t incentivize employees to proactively protect sensitive information or report potential issues, any successful culture of security should reward those who are embracing their roles as protectors — and not just punish those who fall short. Learn more about our Data Breach solutions