Identity elements are not credentials

by Keir Breitenfeld 2 min read July 10, 2011

Lately there has been a lot of press about breaches and hacking of user credentials.  I thought it might be a good time to pause and distinguish between authentication credentials and identity elements.

Identity elements are generally those bits of meta data related to an individual.  Things like: name, address, date of birth, Social Security Number, height, eye color, etc.  Identity elements are typically used as one part of the authentication process to verify an individual’s identity.  Credentials are typically the keys to a system that are granted after someone’s identity elements have been authenticated.  Credentials then stand in place of the identity elements and are used to access systems.

When credentials are compromised, there is risk of account takeover by fraudsters with mal intent.  That’s why it’s a good idea to layer-in risk based authentication techniques along with credential access for all businesses.  But for financial institutions, the case is clear: a multi-layered approach is a necessity.  You only need to review the FFIEC Guidance of Authentication in an Internet Banking Environment to confirm this fact.  Boiled down to its essence, the latest guidance issued by the FFIEC is rather simple. Essentially it’s asking U.S. financial institutions to mitigate risk using a variety of processes and technologies, employed in a layered approach. More specifically, it asks those businesses to move beyond simple device identification — such as IP address checks, static cookies and challenge questions derived from customer enrollment information — to more complex device intelligence and more complex out-of-wallet identity verification procedures.

In the world of online security, experience is critical.  Layered together, Experian’s authentication capabilities (including device intelligence from 41st Parameter, out-of-wallet questions and analytics) offers a more comprehensive approach to meeting and exceeding the FFIEC’s most recent guidance. More importantly, they offer the most effective and efficient means to mitigating risk in online environments, ensuring a positive customer experience and have been market-tested in the most challenging financial services applications.

Related Posts

ValidMind on Partnership and the Future of AI

ValidMind CEO Jonas Jacobi shares insights on AI, innovation and why Experian's partnership is helping shape the future of responsible AI.

Published: July 16, 2026 by Scarlet Nickel
Filling the Gap: The Private Student Lending Opportunity Opening This Fall

Due to new federal student loan regulations, the families of undergrad and graduate students may look to private lenders to fill the gap.

Published: July 16, 2026 by Justin Osman
How Caliber Financial Uses Data to Drive Better Decisions

Learn how Caliber Financial uses Experian data to improve lead targeting, underwriting and AI-driven decisioning for better outcomes.

Published: July 14, 2026 by Scarlet Nickel