
Originally appeared on MarTech Series
Marketing’s understanding of identity has evolved rapidly over the past decade, much like the shifting media landscape itself. From the early days of basic direct mail targeting to today’s complex omnichannel environment, identity has become both more powerful and more fragmented. Each era has brought new tools, challenges, and opportunities, shaping how brands interact with their customers.
We’ve moved from traditional media like mail, newspapers, and linear/network TV, to cable TV, the internet, mobile devices, and apps. Now, multiple streaming platforms dominate, creating a far more complex media landscape. As a result, understanding the customer journey and reaching consumers across these various touchpoints has become increasingly difficult. Managing frequency and ensuring effective communication across channels is now more challenging than ever.
This development has led to a fragmented view of the consumer, making it harder for marketers to ensure that they are reaching the right audience at the right time while also avoiding oversaturation. Marketers must now navigate a fragmented customer journey across multiple channels, each with its own identity signals, to stitch together a cohesive view of the customer.
Let’s break down this evolution, era by era, to understand how identity has progressed—and where it’s headed.
2010-2015: The rise of digital identity – Cookies and MAIDs
Between 2010 and 2015, the digital era fundamentally changed how marketers approached identity. Mobile usage surged during this time, and programmatic advertising emerged as the dominant method for reaching consumers across the internet.
The introduction of cookies and mobile advertising IDs (MAIDs) became the foundation for tracking users across the web and mobile apps. With these identifiers, marketers gained new capabilities to deliver targeted, personalized messages and drive efficiency through programmatic advertising.
This era gave birth to powerful tools for targeting. Marketers could now follow users’ digital footprints, regardless of whether they were browsing on desktop or mobile. This leap in precision allowed brands to optimize spend and performance at scale, but it came with its limitations. Identity was still tied to specific browsers or devices, leaving gaps when users switched platforms. The fragmentation across different devices and the reliance on cookies and MAIDs meant that a seamless, unified view of the customer was still out of reach.
2015-2020: The age of walled gardens
From 2015 to 2020, the identity landscape grew more complex with the rise of walled gardens. Platforms like Facebook, Google, and Amazon created closed ecosystems of first-party data, offering rich, self-declared insights about consumers. These platforms built massive advertising businesses on the strength of their user data, giving marketers unprecedented targeting precision within their environments.
However, the rise of walled gardens also marked the start of new challenges. While these platforms provided detailed identity solutions within their walls, they didn’t communicate with one another. Marketers could target users with pinpoint accuracy inside Facebook or Google, but they couldn’t connect those identities across different ecosystems. This siloed approach to identity left marketers with an incomplete picture of the customer journey, and brands struggled to piece together a cohesive understanding of their audience across platforms.
The promise of detailed targeting was tempered by the fragmentation of the landscape. Marketers were dealing with disparate identity solutions, making it difficult to track users as they moved between these closed environments and the open web.
2020-2025: The multi-ID landscape – CTV, retail media, signal loss, and privacy
By 2020, the identity landscape had splintered further, with the rise of connected TV (CTV) and retail media adding even more complexity to the mix. Consumers now engaged with brands across an increasing number of channels—CTV, mobile, desktop, and even in-store—and each of these channels had its own identifiers and systems for tracking.
Simultaneously, privacy regulations are tightening the rules around data collection and usage. This, coupled with the planned deprecation of third-party cookies and MAIDs has thrown marketers into a state of flux. The tools they had relied on for years were disappearing, and new solutions had yet to fully emerge. The multi-ID landscape was born, where brands had to navigate multiple identity systems across different platforms, devices, and environments.
Retail media networks became another significant player in the identity game. As large retailers like Amazon and Walmart built their own advertising ecosystems, they added yet another layer of first-party data to the mix. While these platforms offer robust insights into consumer behavior, they also operate within their own walled gardens, further fragmenting the identity landscape.
With cookies and MAIDs being phased out, the industry began to experiment with alternatives like first-party data, contextual targeting, and new universal identity solutions. The challenge and opportunity for marketers lies in unifying these fragmented identity signals to create a consistent and actionable view of the customer.
2025: The omnichannel imperative
Looking ahead to 2025 and beyond, the identity landscape will continue to evolve, but the focus remains the same: activating and measuring across an increasingly fragmented and complex media environment. Consumers now expect seamless, personalized experiences across every channel—from CTV to digital to mobile—and marketers need to keep up.
The future of identity lies in interoperability, scale, and availability. Marketers need solutions that can connect the dots across different platforms and devices, allowing them to follow their customers through every stage of the journey. Identity must be actionable in real-time, allowing for personalization and relevance across every touchpoint, so that media can be measurable and attributable.
Brands that succeed in 2025 and beyond will be those that invest in scalable, omnichannel identity solutions. They’ll need to embrace privacy-friendly approaches like first-party data, while also ensuring their systems can adapt to an ever-changing landscape.
Adapting to the future of identity
The evolution of identity has been marked by increasing complexity, but also by growing opportunity. As marketers adapt to a world without third-party cookies and MAIDs, the need for unified identity solutions has never been more urgent. Brands that can navigate the multi-ID landscape will unlock new levels of efficiency and personalization, while those that fail to adapt risk falling behind.
The path forward is clear: invest in identity solutions that bridge the gaps between devices, platforms, and channels, providing a full view of the customer. The future of marketing belongs to those who can manage identity in a fragmented world—and those who can’t will struggle to stay relevant.
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Supply-side platforms (SSPs) are expected to deliver more than inventory—they’re being asked to support sell-side targeting strategies, campaign results, and proof of performance. To meet that demand, SSPs need more than access to inventory. They need better data, better tools, and a way to bring it all together. Experian’s solutions for SSPs We built Experian’s solutions for SSPs with that demand in mind. By combining identity resolution, audience targeting, and third-party measurement, we help platforms move beyond basic transactions. Whether you’re doing sell-side targeting, supporting direct deals, or looking to support campaign validation, our tools make it easier to create value for buyers—and keep them coming back. Our solutions that help SSPs: Resolve identity across digital touchpoints using our industry-leading Digital Graph Build differentiated audiences using over 2,400 Experian Audiences and Partner Audiences in Audience Engine Support advertiser-direct relationships with tools to create, activate, and host custom segments Measure real outcomes like in-store visitation and sales through Outcomes, our third-party validated reporting suite Together, these capabilities allow SSPs to produce data-driven deals, increase addressability, and meet buyer demand for smarter, more measurable media. Campaign snapshot: Yieldmo + Experian Yieldmo, an advertising platform known for its creative formats and data-informed approach, has already put this solution to work. Here’s how they built a custom strategy for a major athletic retail client using Experian\’s joint solution for SSPs. The challenge: Drive in-store traffic and reach new buyers Yieldmo supports a leading athletic retailer’s seasonal campaigns focused on in-store traffic. This advertiser wanted to reach new buyers—specifically those who might otherwise shop with a competitor. To do this, they needed access to strong audience segments with reliable data and the flexibility to act quickly across channels. This was the first time Yieldmo applied Experian Audiences to this retailer’s campaigns. The stakes were high: the client was looking for better in-store outcomes and a more streamlined activation workflow. The solution: Experian\’s activation solution for SSPs Using Experian’s Audience Engine, which includes our proprietary and third-party data marketplace, Yieldmo built a flexible, high-performing media plan that spanned display inventory and included both conquesting and primary in-store shopper segments. The team selected and activated: Apparel and footwear audiences built from Experian and partner data providers In-store shopper segments targeting retail behavior signals Competitive purchasers to capture likely buyers from other athletic brands Our data marketplace allowed Yieldmo to combine Experian Audiences with Partner Audiences from providers like Alliant, Circana, Sports Innovation Lab, and Webbula—all in one place. Manual audience creation used to take days. Now, Yieldmo can build and activate campaigns through a streamlined, self-serve workflow. By working in the Audience Engine platform, Yieldmo was able to avoid multiple contracts and manual requests. They filtered audiences by brand, tailored segments to their goals, and launched without delays. “Experian’s data marketplace in Audience Engine fills a critical gap—letting us quickly search by brand, build smarter conquest segments, and activate custom audiences fast.”Abby Littlejohn, Director of Sales Planning, Yieldmo The results: Expected lift in store visits While final in-store lift results are pending, the early performance metrics are promising: Click-through rates are at and above historical benchmarks across both conquesting and primary shopper segments. Using Audience Engine’s self-serve tools, Yieldmo created audiences faster and more easily. They reduced their workload by minimizing the need for manual data wrangling. “We include Experian audience segments in 80% of formal RFPs. Between contract simplicity, data quality, and campaign results, Experian has become our go-to for third-party audience targeting.”Nelson Montouchet, AVP, Strategic Partnerships, Yieldmo Download the full case study Bring this to your platform Whether you’re looking to monetize more effectively, build deeper advertiser relationships, or stand out with sell-side targeting offerings, we designed Experian’s solutions for SSPs to do exactly that. With our industry-leading Digital Graph, over 2,400 syndicated audiences, partner data, flexible self-serve tools, and outcome-based measurement, SSPs can now move faster and go further—without compromising scale or precision. Get in touch with our team Latest posts

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